Difference between revisions of "Humpback Chub Page"
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=='''Description'''== | =='''Description'''== | ||
The humpback chub (Gila cypha) is an endangered, native endemic of the Colorado River that evolved around 3-5 million years ago. The pronounced hump behind its head gives this fish a striking, unusual appearance. It has an olive-colored back, silver sides, a white belly, small eyes and a long snout that overhangs its jaw. Like the Colorado pikeminnow and bonytail, the humpback chub is a member of the minnow family. | The humpback chub (Gila cypha) is an endangered, native endemic of the Colorado River that evolved around 3-5 million years ago. The pronounced hump behind its head gives this fish a striking, unusual appearance. It has an olive-colored back, silver sides, a white belly, small eyes and a long snout that overhangs its jaw. Like the Colorado pikeminnow and bonytail, the humpback chub is a member of the minnow family. | ||
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The humpback chub was listed as endangered by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in 1967 and given full protection under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. Historically, humpback chub were probably limited to the eddy complexes of several canyon reaches of the Colorado River and three of its tributaries: the Green and Yampa rivers in Colorado and Utah, and the Little Colorado River in Arizona. The species was first described in 1946. Before that time, few people ventured into these treacherous canyons – including fishery biologists. | The humpback chub was listed as endangered by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in 1967 and given full protection under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. Historically, humpback chub were probably limited to the eddy complexes of several canyon reaches of the Colorado River and three of its tributaries: the Green and Yampa rivers in Colorado and Utah, and the Little Colorado River in Arizona. The species was first described in 1946. Before that time, few people ventured into these treacherous canyons – including fishery biologists. | ||
| − | Today, five self-sustaining populations of humpback chub occur in the Upper Colorado River Basin. Two to three thousand adults can occur in the Black Rocks and Westwater Canyon core population in the Colorado River near the Colorado/Utah border. Several hundred to more than 1,000 adults may occur in the Desolation/Gray Canyon core population in the Green River. Populations in Yampa and Cataract canyons are small, each consisting of up to a few hundred adults. The largest population of humpback chub is found in the Grand Canyon -- primarily in the Little Colorado River (LCR) and its confluence with the main stem Colorado River. In 2009, the U.S. Geological Survey announced that this population increased by about 50 percent from 2001 to 2008 to between 6,000 and 10,000 adults. | + | Today, five self-sustaining populations of humpback chub occur in the Upper Colorado River Basin. Two to three thousand adults can occur in the Black Rocks and Westwater Canyon core population in the Colorado River near the Colorado/Utah border. Several hundred to more than 1,000 adults may occur in the Desolation/Gray Canyon core population in the Green River. Populations in Yampa and Cataract canyons are small, each consisting of up to a few hundred adults. The largest population of humpback chub is found in the Grand Canyon -- primarily in the Little Colorado River (LCR) and its confluence with the main stem Colorado River. In 2009, the U.S. Geological Survey announced that this population increased by about 50 percent from 2001 to 2008 to between 6,000 and 10,000 adults. [http://www.coloradoriverrecovery.org/general-information/the-fish/humpback-chub.html] |
| − | + | The [https://www.fws.gov/mountain-prairie/pressrel/2018/Humpback%20Chub%205-yr%20Final%20-%20signed%203-19-18%20Compliant.pdf 2018 5-Year Status Review] concluded that the humpback chub is not in danger of extinction throughout all of its range, but is likely to become so in the foreseeable future; that is, it is a threatened species throughout all of its range. Therefore, the USFWS made a recommendation to downlist the humpback chub to threatened status. [[https://www.fws.gov/mountain-prairie/pressrel/2018/Humpback%20Chub%205-yr%20Final%20-%20signed%203-19-18%20Compliant.pdf] | |
==[http://gcdamp.com/index.php?title=Long-term_Experimental_and_Management_Plan_(LTEMP) '''LTEMP Resource Goal for Humpback Chub''']== | ==[http://gcdamp.com/index.php?title=Long-term_Experimental_and_Management_Plan_(LTEMP) '''LTEMP Resource Goal for Humpback Chub''']== | ||
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! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#cedff2; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3bfb1; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Updates</h2> | ! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#cedff2; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3bfb1; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Updates</h2> | ||
| + | [[File:2021 HBC Abundance.JPG|center|500px]] [https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2022-02-10-amwg-meeting/20220210-FisheriesReview-AnnualReportingFY2021-508-UCRO.pdf https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2022-02-10-amwg-meeting/20220210-FisheriesReview-AnnualReportingFY2021-508-UCRO.pdf] | ||
| − | [[File: | + | [[File:2021 HBC Growth.JPG|center|500px]] [https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2022-02-10-amwg-meeting/20220210-FisheriesReview-AnnualReportingFY2021-508-UCRO.pdf https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2022-02-10-amwg-meeting/20220210-FisheriesReview-AnnualReportingFY2021-508-UCRO.pdf] |
| − | [[File: | + | [[File:2021 Summary.JPG|center|500px]] [https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2022-02-10-amwg-meeting/20220210-FisheriesReview-AnnualReportingFY2021-508-UCRO.pdf https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2022-02-10-amwg-meeting/20220210-FisheriesReview-AnnualReportingFY2021-508-UCRO.pdf] |
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| − | + | ==[https://www.fws.gov/mountain-prairie/pressrel/2018/03222018_After_Scientific_Review_the_U.S._Fish_and_Wildlife_Service_to_Propose_Reclassification_of_the_Humpback_Chub_from_Endangered_to_Threatened.php After Scientific Review, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to Propose Reclassification of the Humpback Chub from Endangered to Threatened]== | |
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| − | + | Things are looking up for a rare Colorado River fish, the endangered humpback chub. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) recently completed a species status assessment (SSA) and a 5-year status review that concluded the current risk of extinction is low, such that the species is not in danger of extinction throughout all of its range. The SSA explained that the largest population of humpback chub, which is found in the Colorado and Little Colorado rivers in the Grand Canyon of Arizona, is a stable population of about 12,000 adults. | |
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| − | + | Our SSA also explained that four smaller populations in the Green and Colorado rivers of the upper Colorado River basin have persisted and do not appear to be in immediate danger of extinction. All five populations are wild, persisting without the need for hatchery stocking. These population-monitoring results, when coupled with ongoing flow management and nonnative predatory fish control, mean that the humpback chub will be considered for reclassification from endangered to threatened in the next year. | |
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| − | + | Although this unique fish is making a big step toward recovery it still needs help. Conservation work by a diverse group of stakeholders has been one of the key contributions in recovering this native fish. State, tribal, federal, and private stakeholders collaborate via the Upper Colorado River Endangered Fish Recovery Program (established in 1988) and the Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program (established in 1997) to continue the monitoring programs and to reduce threats to this species’ recovery. “Endangered species recovery in altered and heavily managed ecosystems like the Colorado River is a complicated endeavor,” said Service Mountain-Prairie Regional Director Noreen Walsh. “Our best chance for continued success rests in the power of these collaborative partnerships.” | |
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| − | + | The humpback chub, which was first described as a unique species from collections in the Grand Canyon in the 1940’s, was not discovered in the upper Colorado River basin until the 1970’s. It was placed on the original list of endangered species in 1967. Humpback chub prefer canyon-bound reaches of river where they complete their life cycle in swift, turbulent currents. The species gets its name from the fleshy hump behind its head. That adaptation coupled with large, curved fins allows the species to maintain position in the turbulent flows. Habitat alterations (from changes in river flows and inundation of canyon reaches), and competition and predation from invasive species are the greatest threats to the humpback chub. | |
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| − | + | In the 5-year review, the Service also recommends that the species recovery plan be revised to incorporate the best available scientific information on the species needs and actions that will be necessary to eventually delist humpback chub. Efforts to propose reclassification and to revise the recovery plan will be ongoing in the coming year. The proposed reclassification rule and the revised recovery plan will be made available for public comment in the future. | |
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| − | + | *To review the SSA visit: [https://www.fws.gov/mountain-prairie/pressrel/2018/HumpbackChub_SSA_Final_26Mar2018_wAppendixB&C.pdf '''Species Status Assessment for the Humpback Chub'''] | |
| − | * | + | *To review the 5-year review please visit: [https://www.fws.gov/mountain-prairie/pressrel/2018/Humpback%20Chub%205-yr%20Final%20-%20signed%203-19-18%20Compliant.pdf '''5-Year Review of the Humpback Chub'''] |
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Ongoing actions: | Ongoing actions: | ||
| − | Reclamation would continue to support the NPS, FWS, GCMRC, and GCDAMP in | + | Reclamation would continue to support the NPS, FWS, GCMRC, and GCDAMP in funding and implementing '''translocations''' of humpback chub into tributaries of the Colorado River in Marble and Grand Canyons, and in monitoring the results of these translocations, consistent with agencies’ plans and guidance (e.g., NPS Comprehensive Fisheries Management Plan [CFMP], FWS Humpback Chub Genetics Management Plan and Translocation Framework, and GCMRC Triennial Work Plan). Translocations allow for opportunities to expand the area occupied by humpback chub and improve the overall status of the species. Specifically, the following would occur: |
| − | funding and implementing '''translocations''' of humpback chub into tributaries of the | + | |
| − | Colorado River in Marble and Grand Canyons, and in monitoring the results of these | + | |
| − | translocations, consistent with agencies’ plans and guidance (e.g., NPS Comprehensive | + | |
| − | Fisheries Management Plan [CFMP], FWS Humpback Chub Genetics Management Plan | + | |
| − | and Translocation Framework, and GCMRC Triennial Work Plan). Translocations allow | + | |
| − | for opportunities to expand the area occupied by humpback chub and improve the overall | + | |
| − | status of the species. Specifically, the following would occur: | + | |
*Humpback chub would be translocated from the lower reaches of the Little Colorado River to areas above Chute Falls in an effort to increase growth rates and survivorship. | *Humpback chub would be translocated from the lower reaches of the Little Colorado River to areas above Chute Falls in an effort to increase growth rates and survivorship. | ||
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*Monitoring would be conducted annually, or as needed, depending on the data required, to determine survivability, population status, or genetic integrity of the Havasu Creek humpback chub population. Intermittent translocations of additional humpback chub in Havasu Creek would be conducted if the FWS and NPS determine it is necessary to maintain genetic integrity of the population. | *Monitoring would be conducted annually, or as needed, depending on the data required, to determine survivability, population status, or genetic integrity of the Havasu Creek humpback chub population. Intermittent translocations of additional humpback chub in Havasu Creek would be conducted if the FWS and NPS determine it is necessary to maintain genetic integrity of the population. | ||
| − | Reclamation would continue to fund a '''spring and fall population estimate''' annually, or at | + | Reclamation would continue to fund a '''spring and fall population estimate''' annually, or at a different frequency as deemed appropriate in consultation with FWS, using a mark recapture based model for the Little Colorado River or the most appropriate model developed for the current collecting techniques and data. Monitoring the chub population allows us to determine its status (whether it is stable, increasing, or decreasing). |
| − | a different frequency as deemed appropriate in consultation with FWS, using a mark | + | |
| − | recapture based model for the Little Colorado River or the most appropriate model | + | |
| − | developed for the current collecting techniques and data. Monitoring the chub population | + | |
| − | allows us to determine its status (whether it is stable, increasing, or decreasing). | + | |
| − | Reclamation would continue to fund '''control or removal of nonnative fish''' in tributaries | + | Reclamation would continue to fund '''control or removal of nonnative fish''' in tributaries prior to chub translocations depending on the existing fish community in each tributary. Reclamation, NPS, and FWS would lead any investigation into the possibility of using a chemical piscicide, or other tools, as appropriate. Tributaries and the appropriate control methods would be identified by the FWS, NPS, Reclamation, and GCMRC, in consultation with the Arizona Game and Fish Department (AGFD). Depending on the removal methods identified, additional planning and compliance may be necessary. Removal of nonnative fishes improves the status of chub and other native fishes by reducing competition and predation. The regulation and control of nonnative fish is a management action identified in the Humpback Chub Recovery Goals (USFWS 2002a) and Razorback Sucker Recovery Goals (USFWS 2002b). |
| − | prior to chub translocations depending on the existing fish community in each tributary. | + | |
| − | Reclamation, NPS, and FWS would lead any investigation into the possibility of using a | + | |
| − | chemical piscicide, or other tools, as appropriate. Tributaries and the appropriate control | + | |
| − | methods would be identified by the FWS, NPS, Reclamation, and GCMRC, in | + | |
| − | consultation with the Arizona Game and Fish Department (AGFD). Depending on the | + | |
| − | removal methods identified, additional planning and compliance may be necessary. | + | |
| − | Removal of nonnative fishes improves the status of chub and other native fishes by | + | |
| − | reducing competition and predation. The regulation and control of nonnative fish is a | + | |
| − | management action identified in the Humpback Chub Recovery Goals (USFWS 2002a) | + | |
| − | and Razorback Sucker Recovery Goals (USFWS 2002b). | + | |
Reclamation would continue to fund the FWS in maintenance of a '''humpback chub refuge''' | Reclamation would continue to fund the FWS in maintenance of a '''humpback chub refuge''' | ||
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Reclamation would, in cooperation with the FWS, NPS, GCMRC, and AGFD, explore | Reclamation would, in cooperation with the FWS, NPS, GCMRC, and AGFD, explore | ||
and '''evaluate other tributaries for potential translocations'''. | and '''evaluate other tributaries for potential translocations'''. | ||
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# Sub-adult abundance falls below a three-year running average of 810 fish in the mainstem Juvenile Chub Monitoring reach (JCM annual fall population estimate; RM 63.45-65.2). | # Sub-adult abundance falls below a three-year running average of 810 fish in the mainstem Juvenile Chub Monitoring reach (JCM annual fall population estimate; RM 63.45-65.2). | ||
| − | Tier 1 Trigger Response: | + | ===Tier 1 Trigger Response: === |
*Tier 1 conservation actions listed below will be immediately implemented either in the LCR or in the adjacent mainstem. Conservation actions will focus on increasing growth, survival and distribution of HBC in the LCR & LCR mainstem aggregation area. | *Tier 1 conservation actions listed below will be immediately implemented either in the LCR or in the adjacent mainstem. Conservation actions will focus on increasing growth, survival and distribution of HBC in the LCR & LCR mainstem aggregation area. | ||
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| + | It is expected that the conservation actions proposed below will assist in ameliorating HBC adult losses or recruitment failures from predation. First, ongoing translocations in the LCR above Chute Falls (~300 fish/year) as well as outside the LCR population (e.g., to Havasu Creek, etc.) will continue, regardless of Tier 1 triggers are met or not. New conservation actions will include expansion of existing activities coupled with experimental actions: | ||
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| + | *LCR - Expand translocation actions in the LCR by collecting an additional 300-600 young of the year (YOY) HBC and move to above Chute Falls in October. | ||
| + | *LCR - Assess efficacy of transporting larval HBC (April/May) into Big Canyon and above Blue Springs in the LCR system. Evaluate growth and survival of these transplants; | ||
| + | *Mainstem LCR Aggregation - Larval fish will be removed from LCR (April/May) and head-started at Southwest Native Aquatic Resources and Recovery Center (SNARRC). Once fish reach 150-200 mm they will be translocated to the mainstem LCR reach the following year (currently grow-out space at SNARRC is limited to 750 HBC, use of fish for this purpose would reduce numbers available for other actions, e.g. Havasu, Shinumo.); | ||
| + | *Additional conservation actions as identified and evaluated. | ||
=== '''Tier 2 Trigger - Reduce threat using mechanical removal if conservation actions in Tier 1 are insufficient to arrest a population decline:''' === | === '''Tier 2 Trigger - Reduce threat using mechanical removal if conservation actions in Tier 1 are insufficient to arrest a population decline:''' === | ||
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Mechanical removal will terminate if: | Mechanical removal will terminate if: | ||
| − | *Predator index (described below) is depleted to less than 60 RBT/km for at least two years in the JCM reach and immigration rate is low (the long term feasibility of using immigration rates as a metric still needs to be assessed), | + | *Predator index (described below) is depleted to less than 60 RBT/km for at least two years in the JCM reach (RM 60.0-64.5) and immigration rate is low (the long term feasibility of using immigration rates as a metric still needs to be assessed), |
-OR- | -OR- | ||
*Adult HBC population estimates exceed 7,500 and recruitment of sub-adult chub exceed adult mortality for at least two years. | *Adult HBC population estimates exceed 7,500 and recruitment of sub-adult chub exceed adult mortality for at least two years. | ||
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If immigration rate of predators into JCM reach is high, mechanical removal may need to continue. These triggers are intended to be adaptive based on ongoing and future research (e.g., Lees Ferry recruitment and emigration dynamics, effects of trout suppression flows, effects of Paria River turbidity inputs on predator survival and immigration rates, interactions between humpback chub and rainbow trout, other predation studies). | If immigration rate of predators into JCM reach is high, mechanical removal may need to continue. These triggers are intended to be adaptive based on ongoing and future research (e.g., Lees Ferry recruitment and emigration dynamics, effects of trout suppression flows, effects of Paria River turbidity inputs on predator survival and immigration rates, interactions between humpback chub and rainbow trout, other predation studies). | ||
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| + | {| width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="5" style="vertical-align:top; background:#f5faff;" | ||
| + | ! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#cedff2; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3b0bf; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Links and Information</h2> | ||
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| + | *[http://gcdamp.com/index.php?title=Portal:GCDAMP_Knowlege_Assessments GCMRC Annual Reports page] | ||
| + | *[http://www.coloradoriverrecovery.org/general-information/the-fish/humpback-chub.html Upper Colorado River Endangered Fish Recovery Program ] | ||
| + | *[https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp0/profile/speciesProfile?spcode=E000 USFWS ECOS humpback chub site] | ||
| + | *[https://www.nps.gov/grca/learn/nature/fish-humpback-chub.htm Grand Canyon NPS humpback chub site] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usgs.gov/centers/sbsc/science-topics/humpback-chub USGS humpback chub site] | ||
| + | *[https://www.lcrmscp.gov/fish/humpback_chub.html MSCP humpback chub site] | ||
| + | *[http://gcdamp.com/index.php?title=National_Park_Service_Expanded_Non-native_Aquatic_Species_Management_Plan_and_EA 2019 National Park Service Expanded Non-native Aquatic Species Management Plan] | ||
| + | *[http://gcdamp.com/index.php?title=2013_National_Park_Service_Comprehensive_Fisheries_Management_Plan 2013 National Park Service Comprehensive Fisheries Management Plan] | ||
| + | *[[GCDAMP 2016 Fish PEP| 2016 Fish Protocol Evaluation Panel (PEP)]] | ||
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| + | ! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#cedff2; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3b0bf; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Projects</h2> | ||
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| + | *[[Little Colorado River (LCR) Projects]] | ||
| + | *[[Translocation Projects]] | ||
| + | *[[Aggregations Projects]] | ||
| + | *[http://gcdamp.com/index.php?title=Bioenergetics_Studies Bioenergentics Studies] | ||
| + | *[http://gcdamp.com/index.php?title=Rainbow_trout_/_humpback_chub_predation_studies Predation Studies] | ||
| + | *Parasite Monitoring | ||
| + | *Genetic Studies | ||
| + | *[http://gcdamp.com/index.php?title=Near_Shore_Ecology_(NSE)_Study The 2009-2012 Fall Steady Flow Experiment and the Near Shore Ecology (NSE) Study] | ||
| + | *[http://gcdamp.com/index.php?title=The_2000_Low_Summer_Steady_Flow_Experiment The 2000 Low Steady Summer Flow Experiment] | ||
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| + | ! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#cedff2; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3b0bf; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Humpback Chub Documents </h2> | ||
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| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/DocLibrary/Reports/LTEMPReports/20211200-Five-yearReviewActionTriggersManagementHumpbackChub-508-UCRO.pdf 2021 Five-year Review of Action Triggers for the Management of Humpback Chub for the LTEMP BiOp] | ||
| + | *[[Media:Chub downlisting draft 2020.pdf| 2020 Humpback chub downlisting FRN ]] | ||
| + | *[http://www.coloradoriverrecovery.org/documents-publications/foundational-documents/recoverygoals/HumpbackChub_SSA_Final_26Mar2018_wAppendixB&C.pdf 2018 Humpback Chub Species Status Assessment] | ||
| + | *[http://www.coloradoriverrecovery.org/documents-publications/foundational-documents/recoverygoals/Humpback%20Chub%205-yr%20Final%20-%20signed%203-19-18%20Compliant.pdf 2018 Humpback Chub 5-Year Review] | ||
| + | *[https://www.fws.gov/southwest/es/arizona/Documents/Biol_Opin/120059_LTEMP%20BiOp_11-25-16.pdf 2016 LTEMP Biological Opinion (BO)] | ||
| + | *[http://ltempeis.anl.gov/documents/final-eis/vol3/Appendix_O-Biological_Assessment.pdf 2016 LTEMP Biological Assessment (BA)] | ||
| + | *[http://www.usbr.gov/uc/envdocs/ea/gc/nnfc/Appdx-C-BA.pdf 2011 Biological Assessment for Nonnative Fish Control Downstream from Glen Canyon Dam] for the HFE protocol | ||
| + | *[http://www.coloradoriverrecovery.org/documents-publications/foundational-documents/recoverygoals/HBC5-yearStatusReview.pdf 2011 Humpback Chub 5-Year Review] | ||
| + | *[[Media:141029 USFWS HBC Downlsting.pdf |Humpback chub downlisting criteria]] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/envdocs/bo/FinalGCDBO2-26-08.pdf 2008 Biological Opinion] for HFEs, the fall steady flow test, non-native fish removal, and trout suppression flows | ||
| + | *[https://www.fws.gov/southwest/es/arizona/Documents/Biol_Opin/06224_final_shortage.pdf 2007 Biological Opinion] on the Shortage Guidelines | ||
| + | *[http://www.nationalparkstraveler.com/2006/02/colorado-chub-recovery-plan-tossed-out Judge dismisses 2002 Humpback Chub Recovery Goals] in [http://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2012/09/17/11-16326.pdf Grand Canyon Trust vs USBR Ruling] | ||
| + | *[http://www.fwspubs.org/doi/suppl/10.3996/082012-JFWM-071/suppl_file/10.3996_082012-jfwm-071.s12.pdf 2002 Humpback Chub Recovery Goals] | ||
| + | *[https://www.fws.gov/southwest/es/arizona/Documents/Biol_Opin/93167_GlenCanyonOperations.pdf 1995 Biological Jeopardy Opinion] for implementation of the MLFF alternative | ||
| + | *[https://www.fws.gov/southwest/es/arizona/Documents/RecoveryPlans/Humpback_Chub_1990.pdf 1990 Humpback Chub Recovery Plan] | ||
| + | *[http://www.nativefishlab.net/library/textpdf/13294.pdf 1979 Humpback Chub Recovery Plan] | ||
| + | |||
| + | |- | ||
| + | ! <h2 style="margin:0; background:#cedff2; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold; border:1px solid #a3b0bf; text-align:left; color:#000; padding:0.2em 0.4em;">Presentations and Papers</h2> | ||
| + | |- | ||
| + | |style="color:#000;"| | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''2024''' | ||
| + | *[[Media:ARM_HBC_Growth_Poster_2024_V2_final.pdf| Humpback chub growth becomes resource dependent when released from temperature limitation]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''2023''' | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2023-11-08-twg-meeting/20231108-FishPropagationProgram-508-UCRO.pdf Fish Propagation Program] | ||
| + | *[https://doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10415 Dzul et al., 2023, Vital rates of a burgeoning population of humpback chub in western Grand Canyon: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2023-01-26-twg-meeting/20230126-AnnualReportingMeeting-MonitoringHumpbackChubLittleColoradoRiverGrand%20Canyon-508-UCRO.pdf Monitoring Humpback Chub in the Little Colorado River and Colorado River, Grand Canyon] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2023-01-26-twg-meeting/20230126-AnnualReportingMeeting-GrandCanyonNationalParkFisheriesProgramUpdates-FY2022-508-UCRO.pdf Grand Canyon National Park Fisheries Program Updates, FY 2022] | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''2022''' | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2022-02-10-amwg-meeting/20220210-FisheriesReview-AnnualReportingFY2021-508-UCRO.pdf Fisheries review: Annual Reporting FY2021 ] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2022-01-13-twg-meeting/20220113-AnnualReportingMeeting-MonitoringHumpbackChubLittleColoradoRiverColoradoRiverGrandCanyon-508-UCRO.pdf Monitoring Humpback Chub in the Little Colorado River and Colorado River, Grand Canyon ] | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''2021''' | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2021-10-14-twg-meeting/20211014-ProjectedClimateGeomorphicChangesLittleColoradoRiver-Presentation-508-UCRO.pdf Projected Climate and Geomorphic Changes in the Little Colorado River Watershed and Potential Links to Humpback Chub Habitat] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2021-10-14-twg-meeting/20211014-Update5-yearReviewManagementTriggersHumpbackChub-Presentation-508-UCRO.pdf Update on 5-year Review of Management Triggers for Humpback Chub ] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2021-06-17-twg-meeting/20210617-ProposedActionTriggersManagementHumpbackChub-508-UCRO.pdf Proposed Action Triggers for the Management of Humpback Chub Colorado River, Grand Canyon ] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2021-04-14-twg-meeting/20210414-LTEMPBiologicalOpinion%E2%80%93HumpbackChubTriggerReviewCurrentStatusUpdate-508-UCRO.pdf Long-Term Experimental & Management Plan Biological Opinion – Humpback Chub Trigger Review & Current Status Update ] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2021-02-11-amwg-meeting/20210211-GCDAMPAnnualReportingMeetingUpdateFishes-508-UCRO.pdf GCDAMP Annual Reporting Meeting Update: Fishes ] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2021-01-22-twg-meeting/20210122-TWGMeeting-LTEMPBiologicalOpinionConservationMeasuresUpdate-508-UCRO.pdf Long-Term Experimental and Management Plan Biological Opinion Conservation Measures Update ] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2021-01-22-twg-meeting/20210122-AnnualReportingMeeting-FishPopulationsAquaticEcosystems-508-UCRO.pdf Fish Populations and Aquatic Ecosystems in Lees Ferry through the Little Colorado River ] | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''2020''' | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2020-02-12-amwg-meeting/20200212-GCMRC2020AnnualReportingMeeting-PresentationPart1-508-UCRO.pdf GCMRC 2019 Annual Reporting Meeting Overview – Part 1 ] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2020-02-12-amwg-meeting/20200212-HumpbackChubProposedDownlisting-Presentation-508-UCRO.pdf Humpback Chub Proposed downlisting with 4(d) ] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usgs.gov/mission-areas/ecosystems/science/episode-5-fish-grand-canyon?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects Fish in Grand Canyon - podcast] | ||
| + | *[https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/wnan/vol80/iss1/12 Ward and Ward, 2020, What's in the hump of the humpback chub? Western North American Naturalist] | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''2019''' | ||
| + | *[https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20193049 Yackulic, C.B., and Hull, J.B., 2019, Effects of water temperature, turbidity, and rainbow trout on humpback chub population dynamics: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2019–3049, 4 p.] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2019-03-06-amwg-meeting/20190306-ProposedDownlistingHumpbackChubRazorbackSuckerUpdate-Presentation-508-UCRO.pdf Proposed Downlisting of the Humpback Chub and Razorback Sucker Update] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2019-03-14-twg-meeting/20190314-HumpbackChubPopulationDynamicsColoradoRiverEcosystem-Presentation-508-UCRO.pdf Humpback Chub Population Dynamics throughout the Colorado River Ecosystem ] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2019-03-14-twg-meeting/20190314-Long-termMonitoring-Presentation-508-UCRO.pdf Long-term Monitoring] | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''2018''' | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2018-06-25-twg-meeting/Attach_04.pdf USFWS Activity Update June 2018 PPT] | ||
| + | *[https://doi.org/10.1002/nafm.10200 Brizendine et al., 2018, Effectiveness of ultrasonic imaging for evaluating presence and maturity of eggs in fishes in remote field locations: North American Journal of Fisheries Management] | ||
| + | *[https://doi.org/10.1894/0038-4909-62.4.285 Van Haverbeke et al., 2017, Population expansion of humpback chub in western Grand Canyon and hypothesized mechanisms. The Southwestern Naturalist] | ||
| + | *[[Media:USFWS Little Colorado River monitoring - Spring 2018 Trip Report.pdf| Spring 2018 Monitoring of Humpback Chub (Gila cypha) and other Fishes in the Lower 13.57 km of the Little Colorado River, Arizona Trip Report for: April 17-27, 2018 and May 15-25, 2018]] | ||
| + | *[[Media:HBC Monitoring above Lower Atomizer Falls 2018 Trip Report.pdf| Spring 2018 Monitoring of Humpback Chub (Gila cypha) and other Fishes above Lower Atomizer Falls in the Little Colorado River, Arizona Trip Report for May 15-24, 2018]] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2018-05-22-amwg-meeting/Attach_04.pdf AIF: Proposed USFWS Downlisting of Humpback Chub from Endangered to Threatened and PPT] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2018-04-23-twg-meeting/Attach_08.pdf Humpback Chub Gila cypha SSA & 5-Year Review PPT] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2018-01-25-twg-meeting/AR18.pdf Modeling humpback chub, adaptive management and LTEMP experiments PPT] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2018-01-25-twg-meeting/AR17.pdf Drivers of humpback chub population dynamics PPT] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2018-01-25-twg-meeting/Attach_02.pdf LTEMP Biological Opinion Conservation Measures Update PPT] | ||
| + | *[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecy.2166 Yackulic et al., 2018, Inferring species interactions through joint mark-recapture analysis: Ecology] | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''2017''' | ||
| + | *[https://doi.org/10.1894/0038-4909-62.4.285 Van Haverbeke et al., 2017, Population expansion of humpback chub in western Grand Canyon and hypothesized mechanisms: The Southwestern Naturalist] | ||
| + | *[https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1951&context=wats_facpub Pine et al. 2017. Growth of Endangered Humpback Chub in Relation to Temperature and Discharge in the Lower Colorado River. USU Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications] | ||
| + | *[[Media:Dibble etal 2017 Bioelectrical impedance analysis physiological condition.pdf| Dibble et al. 2017. Does Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Accurately Estimate the Physiological Condition of Threatened and Endangered Desert Fish Species?]] | ||
| + | *[https://www.lcrmscp.gov/crab/presentations/2017/crab17_33.pdf Humpback Chub – Range Expansion in the Lower Grand Canyon or Better Sampling?] | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''2016''' | ||
| + | *[http://blog.nature.org/science/2016/10/25/recovery-humpback-chubs-new-values-and-new-hope-for-endangered-native-fish/ Recovery: Humpback Chubs, New Values and New Hope for Endangered Native Fish] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2016-08-24-amwg-meeting/Attach_07a.pdf Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center Science Updates (BO Compliance, Trout Updates, Green Sunfish, Fisheries PEP, Partners in Science)] | ||
| + | *[http://fwspubs.org/doi/pdf/10.3996/102015-JFWM-101 Effects of Turbidity on Predation Vulnerability of Juvenile Humpback Chub to Rainbow and Brown Trout] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2016-02-26-twg-meeting/Attach_02.pdf Recovery Plan update for Humpback Chub] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2016-02-26-twg-meeting/AR20_Ward.pdf Factors that Influence Juvenile Humpback Chub Survival] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2016-02-26-twg-meeting/AR24_Brizendine.pdf Use of Ultrasonic Imaging to Evaluate Egg Maturation of Humpback Chub (Gila cypha) in Grand Canyon] | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''2015''' | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2015-02-25-amwg-meeting/Attach_05b.pdf Native-nonnative Interactions; Factors Influencing Predation and Competition] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2015-01-20-twg-meeting/Attach_15.pdf Humpback chub triggers for nonnative fish control in the 2011 Biological Opinion (2015 status update)] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2015-01-20-twg-meeting/Attach_14.pdf Early Life History of Humpback Chub: Patterns and Potential Drivers] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2015-01-20-twg-meeting/Attach_15.pdf Biological Opinion Trigger Update: January 2015] | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''2014''' | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2014-10-28-twg-meeting/Attach_14a.pdf HBC Downlisting and Kanab Ambersnail Delisting] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2014-08-27-amwg-meeting/Attach_04a.pdf Science Updates - Recent Research on Sand, Bugs, and Fish ] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2014-01-30-twg-meeting/AR_Yackulic_Results.pdf Results from Colorado River Site and ongoing population modeling] | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''2013''' | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2013-11-06-twg-meeting/Attach_02a.pdf GCMRC Update - Status of Resources and Sediment Conditions] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2013-08-08-amwg-meeting/Attach_08.pdf Science Update: Fisheries] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2013-08-08-amwg-meeting/Attach_07d.pdf Fact Sheet: Native and Nonnative Fish Populations of the Colorado River are Food Limited--Evidence from New Food Web Analyses] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2013-06-26-twg-meeting/Attach_07b.pdf GCMRC Science Update on Sediment and Fisheries] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2013-02-20-amwg-meeting/Attach_07b.pdf Humpback Chub and Non-native Fish Control Update ] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2013-01-24-twg-meeting/Attach_03.pdf Humpback Chub Refuge and Hatchery Planning Update] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2013-01-24-twg-meeting/9_Ward.pdf Effects of Water Temperature on Predation Vulnerability of Humpback Chub] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2013-01-24-twg-meeting/10_Yackulic.pdf Recent Advances in Population Modeling, Preliminary Estimates, and Relevance to BO Triggers] | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''2012''' | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2012-10-24-twg-meeting/Attach_08.pdf Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Updates] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2012-08-29-amwg-meeting/Attach_04a.pdf GCMRC Updates and Sediment Update PPT] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2012-08-29-amwg-meeting/Attach_05a.pdf Update on Native and Non-Native Fish Populations PPT] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2012-04-16-twg-meeting/Attach_03a.pdf Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center Updates] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2012-04-16-twg-meeting/Attach_03b.pdf Trends and Status of the Little Colorado River Population of Humpback Chub: 1989-2011 (ASMR Update) PPT] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2012-02-22-amwg-meeting/Attach_07f.pdf Humpback Chub 5-Year Status Review and Cultural Resources Ad Hoc Group Report PPT] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2012-02-22-amwg-meeting/Attach_08.pdf GCMRC Updates and PPT] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2012-02-22-amwg-meeting/Attach_15.pdf AIF: Grand Canyon National Park Fishery Management Process and PPT] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2012-02-02-twg-meeting/Attach_04a.pdf Humpback Chub 5-Year Review: Summary and Evaluation] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2012-02-02-twg-meeting/Attach_04b.pdf Discussion Paper, Western's Concerns with Humpback Chub 5-Year Status review] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2012-02-02-twg-meeting/Attach_04c.pdf U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Response to Western's Concerns over the Humpback Chub 5-Year Review] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2012-02-02-twg-meeting/Attach_04d.pdf USFWS Humpback Chub 5-year Review PPT presentation] | ||
| + | *[https://www.gcmrc.gov/about/ka/KA%202%20-%201-31-12/AM%20Talks/VanHaverbeke%201055-1130%202011%20Annual%20Report%20on%20Native%20Fish%20Monitoring.pdf 2011 Annual Report on Native Fish Monitoring ] | ||
| + | *[https://www.gcmrc.gov/about/ka/KA%202%20-%2010-18-11/AM%20Talks/Walters_Tutorial%20on%20Grand%20Canyon%20fish%20population%20dynamics.pdf Tutorial on Grand Canyon Fish Population Dynamics ] | ||
| + | *[https://www.gcmrc.gov/about/ka/KA%202%20-%2010-18-11/AM%20Talks/VanderKooi%20-%20HBC%20Status%20and%20Trends.pdf HBC Status and Trends ] | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''2011''' | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2011-10-20-twg-meeting/Attach_05.pdf Humpback Chub 5-Year Review: Summary and Evaluation] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2011-08-24-amwg-meeting/Attach_06.pdf AIF: GCMRC Updates and PPT] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2011-06-28-twg-meeting/Attach_04.pdf BIO 2 Rxx: Mainstem Juvenile Humpback Chub Monitoring] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2011-03-08-twg-meeting/Attach_06a.pdf A Genetic Management Plan for Captive and Translocated Endangered Humpback Chub in the Lower Colorado River Basin dated November 2010] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2011-03-08-twg-meeting/Attach_06b.pdf Genetics Management Plan PPT] | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''2010''' | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2010-11-15-twg-meeting/Attach_07a.pdf Evaluating the Relationship Between Capture Probability and Uncertainty in Estimates of Humpback Chub Abundance Using ASMR] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2010-11-15-twg-meeting/Attach_07b.pdf Evaluating the Relationship Between Capture Probability and Uncertainty in Estimates of Humpback Chub Abundance Using ASMR Corresponding PPT] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2010-06-29-twg-meeting/Attach_04c.pdf USGS/GCMRC Biology Program Updates - 2010 Biological Monitoring Summary] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2010-02-03-amwg-meeting/Attach_22.pdf AIF: 1) GCMRC Updates; 2) HBC Comprehensive Plan Implementation Ad Hoc Group Update] | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''2009''' | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2009-09-29-twg-meeting/Attach_17.pdf Memo from Clayton Palmer and submission of the Final Report for the "Annotated Bibliography for the Humpback Chub (Gila cypha) with Emphasis on the Grand Canyon Population" prepared by Argonne National Laboratory] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2009-09-29-twg-meeting/Attach_06.pdf Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center Updates] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2009-08-12-amwg-meeting/Attach_06a.pdf Humpback Chub Comprehensive Plan: "Draft Comprehensive Plan for the Management and Conservation of Humpback Chub and Science Advisors' Comments and the responses of SA comments] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2009-08-12-amwg-meeting/Attach_06b.pdf Humpback Chub Comprehensive Plan PPT] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2009-08-12-amwg-meeting/Attach_12b.pdf Humpback Chub Translocation and Refuge Development and Chute Falls Translocation PPT] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/rm/amp/amwg/mtgs/09aug12/Attach_12c.pdf Shinumo Translocation PPT] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2009-08-12-amwg-meeting/Attach_12c.pdf June 2009 Monitoring of Humpback Chub (Gila cypha) and Other Fishes above Lower Atomizer Falls in the Little Colorado River, Arizona (Trip Report by Dennis M. Stone)] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2009-06-22-twg-meeting/Attach_10a.pdf AIF: Humpback Chub Comprehensive Plan and Report Dated June 16, 2009] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2009-06-22-twg-meeting/Attach_10b.pdf Open File Report 2009-1075, "Abundance Trends and Status of the Little Colorado river Population of Humpback Chub: An Update Considering Ddata from 1989-2008] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2009-06-22-twg-meeting/Attach_10c.pdf Fact Sheet 2009-3035: Status and Trends of the Grand Canyon Population of Humpback Chub Dated April 2009] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2009-04-29-amwg-meeting/Attach_03a.pdf AIF: Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center (GCMRC) Update] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2009-04-29-amwg-meeting/Attach_03b.pdf USGS Fact Sheet: Status and Trends of the Grand Canyon Population of Humpback Chub] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2009-04-29-amwg-meeting/Attach_03c.pdf USGS Open File Report: Abundance Trends and Status of the Little Colorado River Population of Humpback Chub: An Update Considering Data from 1989-2008 (prepared by Lew Coggins)] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2009-04-29-amwg-meeting/Attach_05a.pdf AIF: 2007 and 2008 Biological Opinions Conservation Measures Update] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2009-04-29-amwg-meeting/Attach_05d.pdf Chute Falls Translocation 2003-2008 PPT] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2009-04-29-amwg-meeting/Attach_05e.pdf Shinumo HBC Translocation Site PPT] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/amwg/2009-04-29-amwg-meeting/Attach_17.pdf News Release: Salazar and Locke Restore Scientific Consultations under the Endangered Species Act to Protect Species and their Habitats] | ||
| + | *[https://www.usbr.gov/uc/progact/amp/twg/2009-03-16-twg-meeting/Attach_05.pdf Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center updates by Program Managers] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 360: | Line 429: | ||
|style="color:#000;"| | |style="color:#000;"| | ||
| + | *[https://www.sltrib.com/news/environment/2020/01/22/us-fish-wildlife-say/ U.S. Fish and Wildlife say endangered fish on the upswing in Colorado River basin] | ||
*[[Media:RValdez Talus shoreline habitat used by HBC.doc| Photos of talus shoreline habitat used by humpback chub]] | *[[Media:RValdez Talus shoreline habitat used by HBC.doc| Photos of talus shoreline habitat used by humpback chub]] | ||
*[http://www.lcrmscp.gov/fish/humpback_chub.html Lower Colorado River Multi-Species Conservation Program (LCR MSCP)] | *[http://www.lcrmscp.gov/fish/humpback_chub.html Lower Colorado River Multi-Species Conservation Program (LCR MSCP)] | ||
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ihvhO_2lCyU| Songs of the humpback chub] [http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4652089 (NPR interview)] | *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ihvhO_2lCyU| Songs of the humpback chub] [http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4652089 (NPR interview)] | ||
| + | *[[Media:Humpback Chub- LStevens.m4a|Audio]] | ||
| + | *[[Humpback Chub- EP| Script]] | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===The interaction of fish, foodbase, and temperature=== | ||
| + | Fish occupying warmer water have higher metabolic demands than individuals in cooler water, and if these demands increase concurrently with a seasonal decline in prey availability, then growth rates may be reduced. [http://wec.ufl.edu/floridarivers/NSE/Finch%20RRA%20HBC%20Growth%20NSE.pdf] | ||
|} | |} | ||
Latest revision as of 17:55, 5 February 2024
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DescriptionThe humpback chub (Gila cypha) is an endangered, native endemic of the Colorado River that evolved around 3-5 million years ago. The pronounced hump behind its head gives this fish a striking, unusual appearance. It has an olive-colored back, silver sides, a white belly, small eyes and a long snout that overhangs its jaw. Like the Colorado pikeminnow and bonytail, the humpback chub is a member of the minnow family. The humpback chub is a relatively small fish by most standards – its maximum size is about 20 inches and 2.5 pounds. By minnow standards it is a big fish, though not like the giant of all minnows – the Colorado pikeminnow. Humpback chub can survive more than 30 years in the wild. It can spawn as young as 2 to 3 years of age during its March through July spawning season. Although the humpback chub does not have the swimming speed or strength of the Colorado pikeminnow, its body is uniquely formed to help it survive in its whitewater habitat. The hump that gives this fish its name acts as a stabilizer and a hydrodynamic foil that helps it maintain position and also probably helped it escape predation by making it difficult to be swallowed by all but the largest pikeminnow. The humpback chub uses its large fins to “glide” in eddy complexes, feeding on insects that become trapped in pockets of slow-moving water. [1] Status and distribution
The humpback chub was listed as endangered by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in 1967 and given full protection under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. Historically, humpback chub were probably limited to the eddy complexes of several canyon reaches of the Colorado River and three of its tributaries: the Green and Yampa rivers in Colorado and Utah, and the Little Colorado River in Arizona. The species was first described in 1946. Before that time, few people ventured into these treacherous canyons – including fishery biologists. Today, five self-sustaining populations of humpback chub occur in the Upper Colorado River Basin. Two to three thousand adults can occur in the Black Rocks and Westwater Canyon core population in the Colorado River near the Colorado/Utah border. Several hundred to more than 1,000 adults may occur in the Desolation/Gray Canyon core population in the Green River. Populations in Yampa and Cataract canyons are small, each consisting of up to a few hundred adults. The largest population of humpback chub is found in the Grand Canyon -- primarily in the Little Colorado River (LCR) and its confluence with the main stem Colorado River. In 2009, the U.S. Geological Survey announced that this population increased by about 50 percent from 2001 to 2008 to between 6,000 and 10,000 adults. [2] The 2018 5-Year Status Review concluded that the humpback chub is not in danger of extinction throughout all of its range, but is likely to become so in the foreseeable future; that is, it is a threatened species throughout all of its range. Therefore, the USFWS made a recommendation to downlist the humpback chub to threatened status. [[3] LTEMP Resource Goal for Humpback ChubMeet humpback chub recovery goals, including maintaining a self-sustaining population, spawning habitat, and aggregations in the Colorado River and its tributaries below the Glen Canyon Dam. Desired Future Condition for Humpback Chub• Achieve HBC recovery in accord with the Endangered Species Act (ESA), the HBC comprehensive management plan, and with the assistance of collaborators within and external to the AMP. |
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Fish of the Colorado River below Glen Canyon Dam - GCDAMP training prepared by AZFGD |
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